{"id":13235,"date":"2022-08-22T11:06:49","date_gmt":"2022-08-22T11:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/turkiye-din\/"},"modified":"2022-08-22T11:06:50","modified_gmt":"2022-08-22T11:06:50","slug":"turkiye-din","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/turkiye-din\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye – Din"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. Mevlevi Sema T\u00f6reni<\/h2>\n\n

Mevlevilik, 1273 y\u0131l\u0131nda Konya’da kurulmu\u015f ve yava\u015f yava\u015f Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun her taraf\u0131na yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zahit bir tarikatt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

Bug\u00fcn Mevlevili\u011fe d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk toplumunda rastlanmaktad\u0131r, ancak tarikat\u0131n faaliyetinin en aktif ve \u00fcnl\u00fc merkezleri Konya ve \u0130stanbul’dad\u0131r. \nMevlevilikler semalar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Birka\u00e7 saatlik \u00f6nerilen bir orucun ard\u0131ndan, semazenler v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131 sol aya\u011f\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in sa\u011f ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak k\u0131sa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler halinde sol ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flarlar.Semalar\u0131nda, ayin ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6zel bir m\u00fczik repertuar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131n\u0131r. Dans\u00e7\u0131lar mevlevihanelerde 1001 g\u00fcn m\u00fcnzevi e\u011fitim al\u0131rlard\u0131; burada ahl\u00e2k, davran\u0131\u015f kurallar\u0131 ve inan\u00e7lar hakk\u0131nda dua, dini m\u00fczik, \u015fiir ve dans yaparak \u00f6\u011frenirlerdi.<\/p>\n\n

https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/en\/RL\/mevlevi-sema-ceremony-00100<\/a><\/p>\n\n

2. Alevi-Bekta\u015fi rit\u00fceli,Semah<\/h2>\n\n

Semahlar, ritmik bir uyum i\u00e7inde, mistik ve estetik beden hareketleri b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. Muhammed’den sonra d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc halife olan Ali’ye duyulan hayranl\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131 bir inan\u00e7 sistemi olan Alevi-Bekta\u015fi mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi dini uygulamalar olan Cem ayinlerinde bulunan on iki temel hizmetten birini olu\u015ftururlar. Semahlar, saz uzun boyunlu ud \u00e7alan dindar m\u00fczisyenler e\u015fli\u011finde semah\u00e7\u0131lar (Semah dans\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan icra edilir. T\u00fcrkiye’deki Alevi-Bekta\u015fi topluluklar\u0131nda, her biri farkl\u0131 m\u00fczikal \u00f6zelliklere ve ritmik yap\u0131lara sahip \u00e7e\u015fitli semah bi\u00e7imleri mevcuttur. Tutarl\u0131 bir \u00f6zellik, rit\u00fcelin hem erkekler hem de kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan yan yana ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesidir. Semah rit\u00fcelleri, do\u011fal bir d\u00f6ng\u00fcn\u00fcn par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak Tanr\u0131 ile birlik kavram\u0131 \u00fczerine kuruludur: insanlar Tanr\u0131’dan gelir ve Tanr\u0131’ya d\u00f6ner. Semah\u0131n iki \u015fekli vard\u0131r: \u0130\u00e7eri Semahlar, cemlerde on iki hizmet kapsam\u0131nda sadece m\u00fcminler aras\u0131nda icra edilir; D\u0131\u015far\u0131 Semahlar\u0131, Semah k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn gen\u00e7 nesillere tan\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in hizmetlerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Alevi-Bekta\u015fi gelene\u011finin aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli arac\u0131 semahlard\u0131r. T\u00fcm uygulamalar, geleneksel motifler ve \u00f6\u011fretiler s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak aktar\u0131l\u0131r ve gelenekle ili\u015fkili farkl\u0131 sanat ve edebiyat t\u00fcrleri geli\u015fmeye devam eder. Bu \u015fekilde semahlar, T\u00fcrkiye’nin geleneksel m\u00fczik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn beslenmesinde ve zenginle\u015ftirilmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

https:\/\/ich.unesco.org\/en\/RL\/semah-alevi-bektai-ritual-00384<\/a><\/p>\n\n

3.Ramazan Bayram\u0131<\/h2>\n\n

Bayram, T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede hem resmi hem de dini olarak \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kutlamalar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir terimdir. Bu bayram i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e’de iki terim kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ramazan Bayram\u0131, ad\u0131n\u0131 Ramazan’dan al\u0131r. \u015eeker Bayram\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 ise ziyaret\u00e7ilere sunulan \u00f6zel ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla tatl\u0131 yiyeceklerin ikram\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Hicri takvimin dokuzuncu ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen kutsal Ramazan ay\u0131 boyunca, t\u00fcm M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n 30 g\u00fcn boyunca \u015fafaktan g\u00fcn bat\u0131m\u0131na kadar yiyecek ve i\u00e7eceklerden uzak durmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir. Oru\u00e7, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara daha az \u015fansl\u0131 olanlar\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmak ve \u015f\u00fckretme ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7indir. \u0130slam’\u0131n be\u015f \u015fart\u0131ndan veya g\u00f6revinden biri olan Ramazan ay\u0131nda oru\u00e7 tutmak, t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yeti\u015fkin M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar i\u00e7in farzd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Ramazan ay\u0131nda oru\u00e7 tutmak, \u015fafaktan g\u00fcn bat\u0131m\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm yiyecek ve i\u00e7eceklerden uzak durmak anlam\u0131na gelir. G\u00fcne\u015f do\u011fmadan \u00f6nce M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n sahur olarak bilinen yemek yemeleri tavsiye edilir. Bu yemek genellikle kahvalt\u0131ya benzer, ancak baz\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerde daha \u00e7ok ak\u015fam yeme\u011fine benzer yiyecekler i\u00e7erebilir. G\u00fcn bat\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar oru\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 genellikle hurma ve su ile iftarla a\u00e7arlar ve ard\u0131ndan ak\u015fam yeme\u011fini yerler.<\/p>\n\n

Ramazan’dan sonra M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar, Ramazan Bayram\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir tatili kutlarlar. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar bayram namaz\u0131n\u0131 sabahlar\u0131 cemaatle k\u0131lar, aile ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 ziyaret eder ve \u00e7ocuklar i\u00e7in yemek, hediye ve etkinliklerle kutlarlar.<\/p>\n\n

https:\/\/www.eatright.org\/health\/lifestyle\/culture-and-traditions\/ramadan–the-practice-of-fasting<\/a><\/p>\n\n

4. Di\u015f Bu\u011fday\u0131:<\/h2>\n\n

Bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun biyolojik geli\u015fiminin en \u00f6nemli belirtilerinden biri olan bebek di\u015f \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 bu olay\u0131 genellikle t\u00f6renle anar. \u00c7i\u011fneme i\u00e7in gerekli olan di\u015flerin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcne i\u015faret etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan bu t\u00f6ren ve \u015fenli\u011fin arkas\u0131nda, yeme\u011fi kutsamak, \u00e7ocu\u011fun g\u00fcnl\u00fck ekme\u011fini kazanma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak vb. istekler vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00f6rende, \u00e7ocu\u011fun g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn di\u015flere sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir tak\u0131m geleneksel uygulamalar da yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Farkl\u0131 y\u00f6relerde farkl\u0131 isimlerle an\u0131lan bu t\u00f6ren ve \u015fenli\u011fin en yayg\u0131n ad\u0131 \u201cdi\u015f bu\u011fday\u0131\u201dd\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 y\u00f6relerde \u201cdi\u015f a\u015f\u0131\u201d, \u201cdi\u015f bulguru\u201d (di\u015f bulguru), \u201cdi\u015f bu\u011fday\u0131\u201d (di\u015f bu\u011fday\u0131) olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

http:\/\/www.turkishculture.org\/lifestyles\/turkish-culture-portal\/landmarks-in-life-513.htm?type=1<\/a><\/p>\n\n

5.K\u0131na Gelene\u011fi<\/h2>\n\n

T\u00fcrk inan\u00e7 sisteminde k\u0131na, kurban edilmenin bir i\u015fareti olarak kabul edilir, bu nedenle T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde k\u0131na 3 kez uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

  1. Kurban edilecek hayvanlara (Allah’a adanmak i\u00e7in)<\/li>
  2. Askere gidecek gen\u00e7lere (kendilerini \u00fclkelerine adad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in)<\/li>
  3. M\u00fcstakbel e\u015flere (kendilerini ailelerine adad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n

    T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde k\u0131na geceleri sadece gelin adaylar\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden bir veya iki g\u00fcn \u00f6nce d\u00fczenlenir.<\/p>\n\n

    K\u0131na gecesi \u00f6ncesi baz\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131klar vard\u0131r. K\u0131na sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131r ve misafirlere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmak \u00fczere k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, renkli torbalara konur. Misafirler i\u00e7in mum ve mendil gibi malzemelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7e\u015fitli kuruyemi\u015f ve i\u00e7ecekler haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n

    K\u0131na gecesi hem sevinci hem de h\u00fczn\u00fc i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir t\u00f6rendir. Gelin d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00f6nce ailesi, arkada\u015flar\u0131 ve akrabalar\u0131 ile bir araya gelip e\u011flendi\u011fi i\u00e7in mutlu ama ayn\u0131 zamanda ailesinden ve evinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de \u00fczg\u00fcn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1. Mevlevi Sema T\u00f6reni Mevlevilik, 1273 y\u0131l\u0131nda Konya’da kurulmu\u015f ve yava\u015f yava\u015f Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun her taraf\u0131na yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zahit bir tarikatt\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn Mevlevili\u011fe d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok T\u00fcrk toplumunda rastlanmaktad\u0131r, ancak tarikat\u0131n faaliyetinin en aktif ve \u00fcnl\u00fc merkezleri Konya ve \u0130stanbul’dad\u0131r. Mevlevilikler … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"pmpro_default_level":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[143,218],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-din","category-turkiye","pmpro-has-access"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13235"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13235"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13235\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13236,"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13235\/revisions\/13236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/european-training.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}