1.4 Ways of effecting change

Generally, one can consider three levels of effecting change:

Impact
Influence
Leverage

Each of these approaches can trigger social changes, though in different ways. Here are some examples to get familiar with the terms and be inspired!

Type of change	Outcome Area	Outcome statements examples
IMPACT	Changes in attitudes, e.g. perceptions and beliefs	– Increased desire among residents to become engaged in community change efforts – Youth have increased belief that they will have a positive future
	Changes in knowledge	– Increased knowledge among neighborhood residents of community resources. – Increased knowledge of parents and caregivers about child development.
	Changes in behavior	– Neighbours more frequently call on one another for assistance. – Increased parent involvement in their child’s education.
	Changes in economic conditions	– Decreased poverty. – Decreased unemployment.
INFLUENCE	Changes in visibility of issue	– Local media accurately cover the message(s) of the media campaign. – Media increase frequency of coverage of issue.
	Change in public will	– Community (neighborhood, city) has decreased tolerance for a specific problem or condition. – Community is motivated to take action on an issue.
	Changes in community norms	– Community increases belief in its own power to create change. – Community increases acceptance of culturally diverse community members.
	Changes in service practice(s)	– Service providers increase cultural competence. – All staff that directly interact with service consumers increase their knowledge of the cultural backgrounds and experiences of their consumer populations.
LEVERAGE	Changes in resources available to the community	– New physical resources (computer rooms, meeting rooms) are available to the community. – New transportation resources (buses, taxis) are available to the community.
	Changes in public funds	– Public funds redistributed toward community priorities. – Public agencies provide detailed or loaned staff for work on a particular program or strategy.
	Changes in philanthropy	– Increased funding available for community priorities. – Foundations previously uninvolved in community begin to provide funding for community programs, agencies and initiatives.

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