1.3 How to design the process of change
So, yes now I know some of the issues that affect my community. How should I design an intervention to be implemented?
Basically, what you want to bring is a change that will benefit the community. Here comes a “practical” theory to help you in this task: The Theory Of Change!
HOW SHOULD I ANALYZE A COMMUNITY PROBLEM?
The ultimate goal is to understand the problem better and to deal with it more effectively, so the method you choose should accomplish that goal.
A recommended one is to develop an outcome map, a visual diagram that depicts relationships between initiative strategies and intended results (outcomes and ultimate goal). These results will include both short- and longer-term outcomes and may also reflect changes at various levels, such as individuals, communities and systems.
One method is to create ‘so that’ chains
Let’s see an example:
We provide Vocational training in English language [Strategy]
So That
Migrants and refugees increase their vocational English-speaking skills [Outcome]
So That
Migrants and refugees improve their employment situation/competitiveness in the job market [Outcome]
So That
Migrants and refugees increase their income and job-related benefits [Outcome]
So That
All families and individuals are self-sufficient [Goal]
Though in order to bring change some strategies may run in parallel to achieve your goal. In our example, other strategies may include employer education about cultural competencies in work, advocacy for family/individual support programs to connect families with local support networks. Again, each strategy is linked to the ultimate goal, and some strategies may link to a common intermediate outcome on the way to the goal.
Be aware that each outcome should be in logical relationship to all the others, as well as chronological flow.
Examples of strategies to achieve your goal:
- Case management services
- Media campaign
- Technical assistance
- Counseling services
- Courses and workshops
- Advocacy
- Resource development and distribution
- Open events /networking